- Chapter 7. Industrial Espionage in Cyberspace
- What Is Industrial Espionage?
- Information as an Asset
- Real-World Examples of Industrial Espionage
- How Does Espionage Occur?
- Steganography Used in Industrial Espionage
- Phone Taps and Bugs
- Protecting Against Industrial Espionage
- Industrial Espionage Act
- Spear Phishing
- Summary
- Test Your Skills
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
This chapter is from the book
Industrial Espionage Act
The Industrial Espionage Act of 1996 was the first U.S. law to criminalize theft of commercial trade secrets. This law provides for significant penalties for violators. Quoting from the actual law:1
(a) Whoever, with intent to convert a trade secret, that is related to or included in a product that is produced for or placed in interstate or foreign commerce, to the economic benefit of anyone other than the owner thereof, and intending or knowing that the offense will injure any owner of that trade secret, knowingly—
(1) steals, or without authorization appropriates, takes, carries away, or conceals, or by fraud, artifice, or deception obtains such information;
(2) without authorization copies, duplicates, sketches, draws, photographs, downloads, uploads, alters, destroys, photocopies, replicates, transmits, delivers, sends, mails, communicates, or conveys such information;
(3) receives, buys, or possesses such information, knowing the same to have been stolen or appropriated, obtained, or converted without authorization;
(4) attempts to commit any offense described in paragraphs (1) through (3); or
(5) conspires with one or more other persons to commit any offense described in paragraphs (1) through (3), and one or more of such persons do any act to effect the object of the conspiracy, shall, except as provided in subsection (b), be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
